This might come as no surprise to the numerous tourists strolling around the surroundings of the French Riviera: Marseille (the third most populous metropolitan area of France) enjoys a Mediterranean climate. In addition to a significant number of British citizens moving to the area in the wake of Peter Mayle, this means that the summers in the city are usually hot, while autumns and winters are mild. Most rainfall is recorded during the autumn and winter season.
On the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, and despite close latitude, Montreal is characterized by a continental climate. This means that winters are cold (some might even say very cold), while summers are hot. Precipitations are recorded the year round.
Now prepare yourself for a shock: on January 9, 2009, it snowed in Marseille; it might also have been the case in Montreal, but for some odd reason, it dit not end up making the cover of newspapers (I had a look to make sure). This snow event is of course very interesting, but I think you may easily conclude with me that this does not modify the first piece of information of this post: Marseille is and remains to this day a Mediterranean city. Even if we assume, just for the sake of argument, that on January 9, 2009, it snowed in both Montreal and Marseille, it will not lead us to deduce that Marseille is going through some strange climate change event that would make its climate closer to the Canadian one. For this to be the case, it would have to snow for numerous consecutive winters, the average temperatures recorded at Marseille's airport would have to plummet in both winter and summer and holly oaks would have to be replaced by maples. Of course, none of these changes would take place within a fortnight or even a ten-year period. Thus we would not be certain of a climate change before very long years had passed.
One swallow does not a summer make
It follows from the example above that no single weather event can by itself define a given climate. This is of course all the more true for a changing climate. It is not because it snowed in Marseille in January 2009 that the climate of the city is cooling. Similarly, it is not because the hurricane Katrina wreaked havoc in New Orleans that it proves the world climate is changing.
On the other hand, it is because scientists have been recording for years a rise of average temperatures in the weather stations of the planet that we have the certainty that something is happening with climate. When this kind of things happen, events such as Katrina become more likely, while snow in Marseille becomes less frequent. But this does not mean it cannot happen. January 9, 2009 made this point clear.
Image: Marseille, seen by Sophie
Version française : Climat, météo, késako ?
Aucun commentaire:
Enregistrer un commentaire